Differences in sexual maturity and fall emigration between diploid and triploid brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in an Adirondack lake
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چکیده
High levels of emigration coincident with maturity and spawning have been reported from brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) populations in Adirondack lakes. These lakes typically had few spawning areas and required stocking to maintain populations. We compared diploid and triploid brook trout to identify differences in gonadal development and emigration. Age 1+ and 2+ diploid and triploid brook trout held in captivity were examined internally for gonadal development. More diploid trout were mature than triploid fish (p < 0.01). Of triploid brook trout that matured, all were males. Yearling diploid and triploid brook trout were also stocked into a lake that had an outlet but no spawning areas. During the fall spawning season, only mature yearling triploid males, diploid males, and diploid females were caught in an outlet trap. No triploid females were caught. A greater proportion of diploids emigrated than triploids (p < 0.01). Triploidy in females arrested emigration by preventing sexual maturation. Triploid male brook trout should not be stocked because they can pose a reproductive risk to wild brook trout downstream from lakes. Stocking triploid females could reduce fall emigration and thus reduce the loss of catchable brook trout from Adirondack lakes with outlets and little spawning habitat. Résumé : Des degrés élevés d’émigration coïncidant avec la maturité et le frai ont été signalés dans le cas de population d’ombles de fontaine (Salvelinus fontinalis) vivant dans les lacs des Adirondacks. De manière typique, ces lacs étaient pauvres en aires de frai et devaient être ensemencés pour assurer le maintien des populations. Nous avons comparé des ombles de fontaine diploïdes et triploïdes pour étudier les différences au niveau du développement des gonades et de l’émigration. Des ombles diploïdes et triploïdes d’âge 1+ et 2+ gardés en captivité ont fait l’objet d’un examen interne pour vérifier le développement des gonades. Les individus matures étaient plus nombreux chez les diploïdes que chez les triploïdes (p < 0,01). Les individus triploïdes qui sont parvenus à maturité étaient tous des mâles. Des ombles de fontaine diploïdes et triploïdes de l’année ont été ensemencés dans un lac qui possédait un émissaire, mais qui était dépourvu d’aires de frai. Au cours de la saison de frai, seuls des mâles triploïdes de l’année mature, des mâles diploïdes, des femelles diploïdes ont été capturés dans l’émissaire. Aucune femelle triploïde n’a été capturée. Chez les émigrants, on a constaté une plus forte proportion de diploïdes que de triploïdes (p < 0,01). La triploïdie chez les femelles a enrayé l’émigration en empêchant la maturation sexuelle. On ne devrait pas ensemencer d’ombles de fontaine mâles triploïdes parce qu’ils peuvent constituer un risque reproductif pour les ombles de fontaine sauvages vivant en aval des lacs. L’ensemencement de femelles triploïdes pourrait réduire l’émigration d’automne et, ainsi, réduire la perte d’ombles exploitables dans les lacs des Adirondacks possédant des émissaires, mais peu d’habitats de frai. [Traduit par la Rédaction]
منابع مشابه
Use of Outlet Barriers to Prevent Fall Emigration of Brook Trout Stocked in Adirondack Lakes
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تاریخ انتشار 1997